difficulties initiating or maintaining sleep and experiencing sleep-related daytime symptoms, is highly prevalent in this patient group. One study found that 82.6% of patients with ADHD had ever had sleep problems, compared to 36.5% of controls, and not feeling refreshed in the morning is strongly associated with ADHD. Adults with ADHD report more sleep problems than healthy controls. Patients with ADHD often have several comorbid conditions, including sleep-wake problems. As a consequence, psychological treatments to ameliorate ADHD problem areas are being developed and tested. ADHD in adults, as in children, is commonly treated with stimulant medication, but psychosocial interventions are also recommended as symptoms and impaired everyday functioning commonly persist even after pharmacological treatment. In adults, a prevalence of ADHD of 2.5% has been reported.

Study registered retrospectively with, February 21st 2019, ID: NCT03852966.Īttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a psychiatric disorder characterized by decreased attention, increased impulsivity and hyperactivity, and is often accompanied by deficits in vigilance and executive functioning. Study registered with the Regional ethical review board in Stockholm, January 13th 2016, Study id: 2015/2078–31/1. ConclusionsĬBT-i adjusted for ADHD is promising for improving insomnia severity in adult patients at specialist psychiatric out-patient clinics, who suffer from ADHD and sleep disturbances. Patients had suffered from sleep problems for 15.3 years, 42% used sleep medications, 79% used stimulant medication(s).Īt post-treatment, insomnia severity (Insomnia Severity Index score range 0–28) had improved with 4.5 points (95% CI, 2.06–6.99, p = .002), at 3 months with 6.8 points (95% CI, 4.71–8.91, p < .0001) from pre-treatment. Nineteen patients (37 years 68% female) with ADHD and subjectively reported sleep problems provided informed consent and pre-treatment measures. Data analyzed with dependent t-tests according to intent-to-treat. This pragmatic within-group pilot study with a pre to post and three-month follow-up design was set at a specialist psychiatric out-patient clinic for adult ADHD.Īs an adjunct to care-as-usual at the clinic, a CBT-i-based group treatment targeting several sleep problems prevalent in the ADHD–population, was offered as 10 weekly 90-min group sessions and scheduled telephone support.Īll outcome measures were subjectively reported by participants. The purpose of this study was to investigate if patients with insomnia and other sleep problems, at a specialist clinic for ADHD, benefit from a group delivered behavioral treatment based on CBT-i whether insomnia severity improves following this treatment. Treatment of choice for insomnia is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT-i), but evidence is lacking for CBT-i in patients with ADHD. Sleep disturbances, including insomnia, are common in adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).

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